All calls to the OpenStack Compute API presented in the examples included in this book use unencrypted HTTP connections for the convenience of testing things. In real life you will most likely be using encrypted HTTPS connections, which need some additional care.
When you want to call your OpenStack provider's API servers you will most likely need to use a secure HTTPS connection. You will recognize it by the https prefix. If you are given an http URL, try replacing it with https and see if that one works.
If you run into problems with SSL certificates while using curl, read the instructions published at the following URL:
Most problems with SSL are caused by SSL certificate misconfiguration on the server side or by the use of self-generated SSL certificates.
Using HTTPS in Python scripts is explained later in this chapter.
