Scott Moser maintains a set of small virtual machine
images that are designed for testing. These images use
cirros as the login user. They
are hosted under the CirrOS project on Launchpad
andare available for download.
If your deployment uses QEMU or KVM, we recommend using the images in QCOW2 format. The most recent 64-bit QCOW2 image as of this writing is cirros-0.3.0-x86_64-disk.img
Canonical maintains an official
set of Ubuntu-based images These accounts
use ubuntu as the login
user.
If your deployment uses QEMU or KVM, we recommend using the images in QCOW2 format. The most recent version of the 64-bit QCOW2 image for Ubuntu 12.04 is precise-server-cloudimg-amd64-disk1.img.
The Fedora project maintains prebuilt Fedora JEOS (Just Enough OS) images for download at http://berrange.fedorapeople.org/images .
A 64-bit QCOW2 image for Fedora 16, f16-x86_64-openstack-sda.qcow2, is available for download.
SUSE Studio is an easy way to build virtual appliances for openSUSE and SLES 11 (SUSE Linux Enterprise Server) that are compatible with OpenStack. Free registration is required to download or build images.
For example, Christian Berendt used openSUSE to create a test openSUSE 12.1 (JeOS) image.
Rackspace Cloud Builders maintains a list of pre-built images from various distributions (RedHat, CentOS, Fedora, Ubuntu) at rackerjoe/oz-image-build on Github.

