Instances

this page last updated: 2018-03-12 13:53:37

Instances

Manage instances

Create an instance

Use the OS::Nova::Server resource to create a Compute instance. The flavor property is the only mandatory one, but you need to define a boot source using one of the image or block_device_mapping properties.

You also need to define the networks property to indicate to which networks your instance must connect if multiple networks are available in your tenant.

The following example creates a simple instance, booted from an image, and connecting to the private network:

resources:
  instance:
    type: OS::Nova::Server
    properties:
      flavor: m1.small
      image: ubuntu-trusty-x86_64
      networks:
        - network: private

Connect an instance to a network

Use the networks property of an OS::Nova::Server resource to define which networks an instance should connect to. Define each network as a YAML map, containing one of the following keys:

port
The ID of an existing Networking port. You usually create this port in the same template using an OS::Neutron::Port resource. You will be able to associate a floating IP to this port, and the port to your Compute instance.
network
The name or ID of an existing network. You don’t need to create an OS::Neutron::Port resource if you use this property. But you will not be able to use neutron floating IP association for this instance because there will be no specified port for server.

The following example demonstrates the use of the port and network properties:

resources:
  instance_port:
    type: OS::Neutron::Port
    properties:
      network: private
      fixed_ips:
        - subnet_id: "private-subnet"

  instance1:
    type: OS::Nova::Server
    properties:
      flavor: m1.small
      image: ubuntu-trusty-x86_64
      networks:
        - port: { get_resource: instance_port }

  instance2:
    type: OS::Nova::Server
    properties:
      flavor: m1.small
      image: ubuntu-trusty-x86_64
      networks:
        - network: private

Create and associate security groups to an instance

Use the OS::Neutron::SecurityGroup resource to create security groups.

Define the security_groups property of the OS::Neutron::Port resource to associate security groups to a port, then associate the port to an instance.

The following example creates a security group allowing inbound connections on ports 80 and 443 (web server) and associates this security group to an instance port:

resources:
  web_secgroup:
    type: OS::Neutron::SecurityGroup
    properties:
      rules:
        - protocol: tcp
          remote_ip_prefix: 0.0.0.0/0
          port_range_min: 80
          port_range_max: 80
        - protocol: tcp
          remote_ip_prefix: 0.0.0.0/0
          port_range_min: 443
          port_range_max: 443

  instance_port:
    type: OS::Neutron::Port
    properties:
      network: private
      security_groups:
        - default
        - { get_resource: web_secgroup }
      fixed_ips:
        - subnet_id: private-subnet

  instance:
    type: OS::Nova::Server
    properties:
      flavor: m1.small
      image: ubuntu-trusty-x86_64
      networks:
        - port: { get_resource: instance_port }

Create and associate a floating IP to an instance

You can use two sets of resources to create and associate floating IPs to instances.

OS::Nova resources

Use the OS::Nova::FloatingIP resource to create a floating IP, and the OS::Nova::FloatingIPAssociation resource to associate the floating IP to an instance.

The following example creates an instance and a floating IP, and associate the floating IP to the instance:

resources:
  floating_ip:
    type: OS::Nova::FloatingIP
    properties:
      pool: public

  inst1:
    type: OS::Nova::Server
    properties:
      flavor: m1.small
      image: ubuntu-trusty-x86_64
      networks:
        - network: private

  association:
    type: OS::Nova::FloatingIPAssociation
    properties:
      floating_ip: { get_resource: floating_ip }
      server_id: { get_resource: inst1 }

OS::Neutron resources

Note

The Networking service (neutron) must be enabled on your OpenStack deployment to use these resources.

Use the OS::Neutron::FloatingIP resource to create a floating IP, and the OS::Neutron::FloatingIPAssociation resource to associate the floating IP to a port:

parameters:
  net:
    description: name of network used to launch instance.
    type: string
    default: private

resources:
  inst1:
    type: OS::Nova::Server
    properties:
      flavor: m1.small
      image: ubuntu-trusty-x86_64
      networks:
        - network: {get_param: net}

  floating_ip:
    type: OS::Neutron::FloatingIP
    properties:
      floating_network: public

  association:
    type: OS::Neutron::FloatingIPAssociation
    properties:
      floatingip_id: { get_resource: floating_ip }
      port_id: {get_attr: [inst1, addresses, {get_param: net}, 0, port]}

You can also create an OS::Neutron::Port and associate that with the server and the floating IP. However the approach mentioned above will work better with stack updates.

resources:
  instance_port:
    type: OS::Neutron::Port
    properties:
      network: private
      fixed_ips:
        - subnet_id: "private-subnet"

  floating_ip:
    type: OS::Neutron::FloatingIP
    properties:
      floating_network: public

  association:
    type: OS::Neutron::FloatingIPAssociation
    properties:
      floatingip_id: { get_resource: floating_ip }
      port_id: { get_resource: instance_port }

Enable remote access to an instance

The key_name attribute of the OS::Nova::Server resource defines the key pair to use to enable SSH remote access:

resources:
  my_instance:
    type: OS::Nova::Server
    properties:
      flavor: m1.small
      image: ubuntu-trusty-x86_64
      key_name: my_key

Note

For more information about key pairs, see Configure access and security for instances.

Create a key pair

You can create new key pairs with the OS::Nova::KeyPair resource. Key pairs can be imported or created during the stack creation.

If the public_key property is not specified, the Orchestration module creates a new key pair. If the save_private_key property is set to true, the private_key attribute of the resource holds the private key.

The following example creates a new key pair and uses it as authentication key for an instance:

resources:
  my_key:
    type: OS::Nova::KeyPair
    properties:
      save_private_key: true
      name: my_key

  my_instance:
    type: OS::Nova::Server
    properties:
      flavor: m1.small
      image: ubuntu-trusty-x86_64
      key_name: { get_resource: my_key }

outputs:
  private_key:
    description: Private key
    value: { get_attr: [ my_key, private_key ] }

Manage networks

Create a network and a subnet

Note

The Networking service (neutron) must be enabled on your OpenStack deployment to create and manage networks and subnets. Networks and subnets cannot be created if your deployment uses legacy networking (nova-network).

Use the OS::Neutron::Net resource to create a network, and the OS::Neutron::Subnet resource to provide a subnet for this network:

resources:
  new_net:
    type: OS::Neutron::Net

  new_subnet:
    type: OS::Neutron::Subnet
    properties:
      network_id: { get_resource: new_net }
      cidr: "10.8.1.0/24"
      dns_nameservers: [ "8.8.8.8", "8.8.4.4" ]
      ip_version: 4

Create and manage a router

Use the OS::Neutron::Router resource to create a router. You can define its gateway with the external_gateway_info property:

resources:
  router1:
    type: OS::Neutron::Router
    properties:
      external_gateway_info: { network: public }

You can connect subnets to routers with the OS::Neutron::RouterInterface resource:

resources:
  subnet1_interface:
    type: OS::Neutron::RouterInterface
    properties:
      router_id: { get_resource: router1 }
      subnet: private-subnet

Complete network example

The following example creates a network stack:

  • A network and an associated subnet.
  • A router with an external gateway.
  • An interface to the new subnet for the new router.

In this example, the public network is an existing shared network:

resources:
  internal_net:
    type: OS::Neutron::Net

  internal_subnet:
    type: OS::Neutron::Subnet
    properties:
      network_id: { get_resource: internal_net }
      cidr: "10.8.1.0/24"
      dns_nameservers: [ "8.8.8.8", "8.8.4.4" ]
      ip_version: 4

  internal_router:
    type: OS::Neutron::Router
    properties:
      external_gateway_info: { network: public }

  internal_interface:
    type: OS::Neutron::RouterInterface
    properties:
      router_id: { get_resource: internal_router }
      subnet: { get_resource: internal_subnet }

Manage volumes

Create a volume

Use the OS::Cinder::Volume resource to create a new Block Storage volume.

For example:

resources:
  my_new_volume:
    type: OS::Cinder::Volume
    properties:
      size: 10

The volumes that you create are empty by default. Use the image property to create a bootable volume from an existing image:

resources:
  my_new_bootable_volume:
    type: OS::Cinder::Volume
    properties:
      size: 10
      image: ubuntu-trusty-x86_64

You can also create new volumes from another volume, a volume snapshot, or a volume backup. Use the source_volid, snapshot_id or backup_id properties to create a new volume from an existing source.

For example, to create a new volume from a backup:

resources:
  another_volume:
    type: OS::Cinder::Volume
    properties:
      backup_id: 2fff50ab-1a9c-4d45-ae60-1d054d6bc868

In this example the size property is not defined because the Block Storage service uses the size of the backup to define the size of the new volume.

Attach a volume to an instance

Use the OS::Cinder::VolumeAttachment resource to attach a volume to an instance.

The following example creates a volume and an instance, and attaches the volume to the instance:

resources:
  new_volume:
    type: OS::Cinder::Volume
    properties:
      size: 1

  new_instance:
    type: OS::Nova::Server
    properties:
      flavor: m1.small
      image: ubuntu-trusty-x86_64

  volume_attachment:
    type: OS::Cinder::VolumeAttachment
    properties:
      volume_id: { get_resource: new_volume }
      instance_uuid: { get_resource: new_instance }

Boot an instance from a volume

Use the block_device_mapping property of the OS::Nova::Server resource to define a volume used to boot the instance. This property is a list of volumes to attach to the instance before its boot.

The following example creates a bootable volume from an image, and uses it to boot an instance:

resources:
  bootable_volume:
    type: OS::Cinder::Volume
    properties:
      size: 10
      image: ubuntu-trusty-x86_64

  instance:
    type: OS::Nova::Server
    properties:
      flavor: m1.small
      networks:
        - network: private
      block_device_mapping:
        - device_name: vda
          volume_id: { get_resource: bootable_volume }
          delete_on_termination: false
this page last updated: 2018-03-12 13:53:37
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License

Except where otherwise noted, this document is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. See all OpenStack Legal Documents.

found an error? report a bug questions?