=================== Customizing Horizon =================== Themes ====== As of the Kilo release, styling for the OpenStack Dashboard can be altered through the use of a theme. A theme is a directory containing a ``_variables.scss`` file to override the color codes used throughout the SCSS and a ``_styles.scss`` file with additional styles to load after dashboard styles have loaded. As of the Mitaka release, Horizon can be configured to run with multiple themes available at run time. It uses a browser cookie to allow users to toggle between the configured themes. By default, Horizon is configured with the two standard themes available: 'default' and 'material'. To configure or alter the available themes, set ``AVAILABLE_THEMES`` in ``local_settings.py`` to a list of tuples, such that ``('name', 'label', 'path')`` ``name`` The key by which the theme value is stored within the cookie ``label`` The label shown in the theme toggle under the User Menu ``path`` The directory location for the theme. The path must be relative to the ``openstack_dashboard`` directory or an absolute path to an accessible location on the file system To use a custom theme, set ``AVAILABLE_THEMES`` in ``local_settings.py`` to a list of themes. If you wish to run in a mode similar to legacy Horizon, set ``AVAILABLE_THEMES`` with a single tuple, and the theme toggle will not be available at all through the application to allow user configuration themes. For example, a configuration with multiple themes:: AVAILABLE_THEMES = [ ('default', 'Default', 'themes/default'), ('material', 'Material', 'themes/material'), ] A configuration with a single theme:: AVAILABLE_THEMES = [ ('default', 'Default', 'themes/default'), ] Both the Dashboard custom variables and Bootstrap variables can be overridden. For a full list of the Dashboard SCSS variables that can be changed, see the variables file at ``openstack_dashboard/static/dashboard/scss/_variables.scss``. In order to build a custom theme, both ``_variables.scss`` and ``_styles.scss`` are required and ``_variables.scss`` must provide all the default Bootstrap variables. Inherit from an Existing Theme ------------------------------ Custom themes must implement all of the Bootstrap variables required by Horizon in ``_variables.scss`` and ``_styles.scss``. To make this easier, you can inherit the variables needed in the default theme and only override those that you need to customize. To inherit from the default theme, put this in your theme's ``_variables.scss``:: @import "/themes/default/variables"; Once you have made your changes you must re-generate the static files with ``tox -e manage -- collectstatic``. By default, all of the themes configured by ``AVAILABLE_THEMES`` setting are collected by horizon during the `collectstatic` process. By default, the themes are collected into the dynamic `static/themes` directory, but this location can be customized via the ``local_settings.py`` variable: ``THEME_COLLECTION_DIR`` Once collected, any theme configured via ``AVAILABLE_THEMES`` is available to inherit from by importing its variables and styles from its collection directory. The following is an example of inheriting from the material theme:: @import "/themes/material/variables"; @import "/themes/material/styles"; Bootswatch ~~~~~~~~~~ Horizon packages the Bootswatch SCSS files for use with its ``material`` theme. Because of this, it is simple to use an existing Bootswatch theme as a base. This is due to the fact that Bootswatch is loaded as a 3rd party static asset, and therefore is automatically collected into the `static` directory in `/horizon/lib/`. The following is an example of how to inherit from Bootswatch's ``darkly`` theme:: @import "/horizon/lib/bootswatch/darkly/variables"; @import "/horizon/lib/bootswatch/darkly/bootswatch"; Organizing Your Theme Directory ------------------------------- A custom theme directory can be organized differently, depending on the level of customization that is desired, as it can include static files as well as Django templates. It can include special subdirectories that will be used differently: ``static``, ``templates`` and ``img``. The ``static`` Folder ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If the theme folder contains a sub-folder called ``static``, then that sub folder will be used as the **static root of the theme**. I.e., Horizon will look in that sub-folder for the _variables.scss and _styles.scss files. The contents of this folder will also be served up at ``/static/custom``. The ``templates`` Folder ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If the theme folder contains a sub-folder ``templates``, then the path to that sub-folder will be prepended to the ``TEMPLATE_DIRS`` tuple to allow for theme specific template customizations. Using the ``templates`` Folder ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Any Django template that is used in Horizon can be overridden through a theme. This allows highly customized user experiences to exist within the scope of different themes. Any template that is overridden must adhere to the same directory structure that the extending template expects. For example, if you wish to customize the sidebar, Horizon expects the template to live at ``horizon/_sidebar.html``. You would need to duplicate that directory structure under your templates directory, such that your override would live at ``{ theme_path }/templates/horizon/_sidebar.html``. The ``img`` Folder ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If the static root of the theme folder contains an ``img`` directory, then all images that make use of the {% themable_asset %} templatetag can be overridden. These assets include logo.svg, splash-logo.svg and favicon.ico, however overriding the SVG/GIF assets used by Heat within the `dashboard/img` folder is not currently supported. Customizing the Logo -------------------- Simple ~~~~~~ If you wish to customize the logo that is used on the splash screen or in the top navigation bar, then you need to create an ``img`` directory under your theme's static root directory and place your custom ``logo.svg`` or ``logo-splash.svg`` within it. If you wish to override the ``logo.svg`` using the previous method, and if the image used is larger than the height of the top navigation, then the image will be constrained to fit within the height of nav. You can customize the height of the top navigation bar by customizing the SCSS variable: ``$navbar-height``. If the image's height is smaller than the navbar height, then the image will retain its original resolution and size, and simply be centered vertically in the available space. Prior to the Kilo release the images files inside of Horizon needed to be replaced by your images files or the Horizon stylesheets needed to be altered to point to the location of your image. Advanced ~~~~~~~~ If you need to do more to customize the logo than simply replacing the existing PNG, then you can also override the _brand.html through a custom theme. To use this technique, simply add a ``templates/header/_brand.html`` to the root of your custom theme, and add markup directly to the file. For an example of how to do this, see ``openstack_dashboard/themes/material/templates/header/_brand.html``. The splash / login panel can also be customized by adding ``templates/auth/_splash.html``. See ``openstack_dashboard/themes/material/templates/auth/_splash.html`` for an example. Branding Horizon ================ As of the Liberty release, Horizon has begun to conform more strictly to Bootstrap standards in an effort to embrace more responsive web design as well as alleviate the future need to re-brand new functionality for every release. Supported Components -------------------- The following components, organized by release, are the only ones that make full use of the Bootstrap theme architecture. 8.0.0 (Liberty) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * `Top Navbar`_ * `Side Nav`_ * `Pie Charts`_ 9.0.0 (Mitaka) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * Tables_ * `Bar Charts`_ * Login_ * Tabs_ * Alerts_ * Checkboxes_ Step 1 ------ The first step needed to create a custom branded theme for Horizon is to create a custom Bootstrap theme. There are several tools to aid in this. Some of the more useful ones include: - `Bootswatchr`_ - `Paintstrap`_ - `Bootstrap`_ .. note:: Bootstrap uses LESS by default, but we use SCSS. All of the above tools will provide the ``variables.less`` file, which will need to be converted to ``_variables.scss`` Top Navbar ---------- The top navbar in Horizon now uses a native Bootstrap ``navbar``. There are a number of variables that can be used to customize this element. Please see the **Navbar** section of your variables file for specifics on what can be set: any variables that use ``navbar-default``. It is important to also note that the navbar now uses native Bootstrap dropdowns, which are customizable with variables. Please see the **Dropdowns** section of your variables file. The top navbar is now responsive on smaller screens. When the window size hits your ``$screen-sm`` value, the topbar will compress into a design that is better suited for small screens. Side Nav -------- The side navigation component has been refactored to use the native Stacked Pills element from Bootstrap. See **Pills** section of your variables file for specific variables to customize. Charts ------ Pie Charts ~~~~~~~~~~ Pie Charts are SVG elements. SVG elements allow CSS customizations for only a basic element's look and feel (i.e. colors, size). Since there is no native element in Bootstrap specifically for pie charts, the look and feel of the charts are inheriting from other elements of the theme. Please see ``_pie_charts.scss`` for specifics. .. _Bar Charts: Bar Charts ~~~~~~~~~~ Bar Charts can be either a Bootstrap Progress Bar or an SVG element. Either implementation will use the Bootstrap Progress Bar styles. The SVG implementation will not make use of the customized Progress Bar height though, so it is recommended that Bootstrap Progress Bars are used whenever possible. Please see ``_bar_charts.scss`` for specifics on what can be customized for SVGs. See the **Progress bars** section of your variables file for specific variables to customize. Tables ------ The standard Django tables now make use of the native Bootstrap table markup. See **Tables** section of your variables file for variables to customize. The standard Bootstrap tables will be borderless by default. If you wish to add a border, like the ``default`` theme, see ``openstack_dashboard/themes/default/horizon/components/_tables.scss`` .. _Login: Login ----- Login Splash Page ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The login splash page now uses a standard Bootstrap panel in its implementation. See the **Panels** section in your variables file to variables to easily customize. Modal Login ~~~~~~~~~~~ The modal login experience, as used when switching regions, uses a standard Bootstrap dialog. See the **Modals** section of your variables file for specific variables to customize. Tabs ---- The standard tabs make use of the native Bootstrap tab markup. See **Tabs** section of your variables file for variables to customize. Alerts ------ Alerts use the basic Bootstrap brand colors. See **Colors** section of your variables file for specifics. Checkboxes ---------- Horizon uses icon fonts to represent checkboxes. In order to customize this, you simply need to override the standard scss. For an example of this, see themes/material/static/horizon/components/_checkboxes.scss Bootswatch and Material Design ------------------------------ `Bootswatch`_ is a collection of free themes for Bootstrap and is now available for use in Horizon. In order to showcase what can be done to enhance an existing Bootstrap theme, Horizon now includes a secondary theme, roughly based on `Google's Material Design`_ called ``material``. Bootswatch's **Paper** is a simple Bootstrap implementation of Material Design and is used by ``material``. Bootswatch provides a number of other themes, that once Horizon is fully theme compliant, will allow easy toggling and customizations for darker or accessibility driven experiences. Development Tips ---------------- When developing a new theme for Horizon, it is required that the dynamically generated `static` directory be cleared after each change and the server restarted. This is not always ideal. If you wish to develop and not have to restart the server each time, it is recommended that you configure your development environment to not run in OFFLINE mode. Simply verify the following settings in your local_settings.py:: COMPRESS_OFFLINE = False COMPRESS_ENABLED = False Changing the Site Title ======================= The OpenStack Dashboard Site Title branding (i.e. "**OpenStack** Dashboard") can be overwritten by adding the attribute ``SITE_BRANDING`` to ``local_settings.py`` with the value being the desired name. The file ``local_settings.py`` can be found at the Horizon directory path of ``openstack_dashboard/local/local_settings.py``. Changing the Brand Link ======================= The logo also acts as a hyperlink. The default behavior is to redirect to ``horizon:user_home``. By adding the attribute ``SITE_BRANDING_LINK`` with the desired url target e.g., ``http://sample-company.com`` in ``local_settings.py``, the target of the hyperlink can be changed. Customizing the Footer ====================== It is possible to customize the global and login footers using a theme's template override. Simply add ``_footer.html`` for a global footer override or ``_login_footer.html`` for the login page's footer to your theme's template directory. Modifying Existing Dashboards and Panels ======================================== If you wish to alter dashboards or panels which are not part of your codebase, you can specify a custom python module which will be loaded after the entire Horizon site has been initialized, but prior to the URLconf construction. This allows for common site-customization requirements such as: * Registering or unregistering panels from an existing dashboard. * Changing the names of dashboards and panels. * Re-ordering panels within a dashboard or panel group. Default Horizon panels are loaded based upon files within the openstack_dashboard/enabled/ folder. These files are loaded based upon the filename order, with space left for more files to be added. There are some example files available within this folder, with the .example suffix added. Developers and deployers should strive to use this method of customization as much as possible, and support for this is given preference over more exotic methods such as monkey patching and overrides files. .. _horizon-customization-module: Horizon customization module (overrides) ======================================== Horizon has a global overrides mechanism available to perform customizations that are not yet customizable via configuration settings. This file can perform monkey patching and other forms of customization which are not possible via the enabled folder's customization method. This method of customization is meant to be available for deployers of Horizon, and use of this should be avoided by Horizon plugins at all cost. Plugins needing this level of monkey patching and flexibility should instead look for changing their __init__.py file and performing customizations through other means. To specify the python module containing your modifications, add the key ``customization_module`` to your ``HORIZON_CONFIG`` dictionary in ``local_settings.py``. The value should be a string containing the path to your module in dotted python path notation. Example:: HORIZON_CONFIG["customization_module"] = "my_project.overrides" You can do essentially anything you like in the customization module. For example, you could change the name of a panel:: from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _ import horizon # Rename "User Settings" to "User Options" settings = horizon.get_dashboard("settings") user_panel = settings.get_panel("user") user_panel.name = _("User Options") Or get the instances panel:: projects_dashboard = horizon.get_dashboard("project") instances_panel = projects_dashboard.get_panel("instances") Or just remove it entirely:: projects_dashboard.unregister(instances_panel.__class__) You cannot unregister a ``default_panel``. If you wish to remove a ``default_panel``, you need to make a different panel in the dashboard as a ``default_panel`` and then unregister the former. For example, if you wished to remove the ``overview_panel`` from the ``Project`` dashboard, you could do the following:: project = horizon.get_dashboard('project') project.default_panel = "instances" overview = project.get_panel('overview') project.unregister(overview.__class__) You can also override existing methods with your own versions:: from openstack_dashboard.dashboards.admin.info import tabs from openstack_dashboard.dashboards.project.instances import tables NO = lambda *x: False tabs.HeatServiceTab.allowed = NO tables.AssociateIP.allowed = NO tables.SimpleAssociateIP.allowed = NO tables.SimpleDisassociateIP.allowed = NO You could also customize what columns are displayed in an existing table, by redefining the ``columns`` attribute of its ``Meta`` class. This can be achieved in 3 steps: #. Extend the table that you wish to modify #. Redefine the ``columns`` attribute under the ``Meta`` class for this new table #. Modify the ``table_class`` attribute for the related view so that it points to the new table For example, if you wished to remove the Admin State column from the :class:`~openstack_dashboard.dashboards.admin.networks.tables.NetworksTable`, you could do the following:: from openstack_dashboard.dashboards.project.networks import tables from openstack_dashboard.dashboards.project.networks import views class MyNetworksTable(tables.NetworksTable): class Meta(tables.NetworksTable.Meta): columns = ('name', 'subnets', 'shared', 'status') views.IndexView.table_class = MyNetworksTable If you want to add a column you can override the parent table in a similar way, add the new column definition and then use the ``Meta`` ``columns`` attribute to control the column order as needed. .. NOTE:: ``my_project.overrides`` needs to be importable by the python process running Horizon. If your module is not installed as a system-wide python package, you can either make it installable (e.g., with a setup.py) or you can adjust the python path used by your WSGI server to include its location. Probably the easiest way is to add a ``python-path`` argument to the ``WSGIDaemonProcess`` line in Apache's Horizon config. Assuming your ``my_project`` module lives in ``/opt/python/my_project``, you'd make it look like the following:: WSGIDaemonProcess [... existing options ...] python-path=/opt/python Customize the project and user table columns ============================================ Keystone V3 has a place to store extra information regarding project and user. Using the override mechanism described in :ref:`horizon-customization-module`, Horizon is able to show these extra information as a custom column. For example, if a user in Keystone has an attribute ``phone_num``, you could define new column:: from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _ from horizon import forms from horizon import tables from openstack_dashboard.dashboards.identity.users import tables as user_tables from openstack_dashboard.dashboards.identity.users import views class MyUsersTable(user_tables.UsersTable): phone_num = tables.Column('phone_num', verbose_name=_('Phone Number'), form_field=forms.CharField(),) class Meta(user_tables.UsersTable.Meta): columns = ('name', 'description', 'phone_num') views.IndexView.table_class = MyUsersTable Customize Angular dashboards ============================ In Angular, you may write a plugin to extend certain features. Two components in the Horizon framework that make this possible are the extensibility service and the resource type registry service. The ``extensibleService`` allows certain Horizon elements to be extended dynamically, including add, remove, and replace. The ``resourceTypeRegistry`` service provides methods to set and get information pertaining to a resource type object. We use Heat type names like ``OS::Glance::Image`` as our reference name. Some information you may place in the registry include: * API to fetch data from * Property names * Actions (e.g. "Create Volume") * URL paths to detail view or detail drawer * Property information like labels or formatting for property values These properties in the registry use the extensibility service (as of Newton release): * globalActions * batchActions * itemActions * detailViews * tableColumns * filterFacets Using the information from the registry, we can build out our dashboard panels. Panels use the high-level directive ``hzResourceTable`` that replaces common templates so we do not need to write boilerplate HTML and controller code. It gives developers a quick way to build a new table or change an existing table. .. note:: You may still choose to use the HTML template for complete control of form and functionality. For example, you may want to create a custom footer. You may also use the ``hzDynamicTable`` directive (what ``hzResourceTable`` uses under the hood) directly. However, neither of these is extensible. You would need to override the panel completely. This is a sample module file to demonstrate how to make some customizations to the Images Panel.:: (function() { 'use strict'; angular .module('horizon.app.core.images') .run(customizeImagePanel); customizeImagePanel.$inject = [ 'horizon.framework.conf.resource-type-registry.service', 'horizon.app.core.images.basePath', 'horizon.app.core.images.resourceType', 'horizon.app.core.images.actions.surprise.service' ]; function customizeImagePanel(registry, basePath, imageResourceType, surpriseService) { // get registry for ``OS::Glance::Image`` registry = registry.getResourceType(imageResourceType); // replace existing Size column to make the font color red var column = { id: 'size', priority: 2, template: '{$ item.size | bytes $}' }; registry.tableColumns.replace('size', column); // add a new detail view registry.detailsViews .append({ id: 'anotherDetailView', name: gettext('Another Detail View'), template: basePath + 'demo/detail.html' }); // set a different summary drawer template registry.setSummaryTemplateUrl(basePath + 'demo/drawer.html'); // add a new global action registry.globalActions .append({ id: 'surpriseAction', service: surpriseService, template: { text: gettext('Surprise') } }); } })(); Additionally, you should have content defined in ``detail.html`` and ``drawer.html``, as well as define the ``surpriseService`` which is based off the ``actions`` directive and needs allowed and perform methods defined. Icons ===== Horizon uses font icons from Font Awesome. Please see `Font Awesome`_ for instructions on how to use icons in the code. To add icon to Table Action, use icon property. Example: class CreateSnapshot(tables.LinkAction): name = "snapshot" verbose_name = _("Create Snapshot") icon = "camera" Additionally, the site-wide default button classes can be configured by setting ``ACTION_CSS_CLASSES`` to a tuple of the classes you wish to appear on all action buttons in your ``local_settings.py`` file. Custom Stylesheets ================== It is possible to define custom stylesheets for your dashboards. Horizon's base template ``openstack_dashboard/templates/base.html`` defines multiple blocks that can be overridden. To define custom css files that apply only to a specific dashboard, create a base template in your dashboard's templates folder, which extends Horizon's base template e.g. ``openstack_dashboard/dashboards/my_custom_dashboard/ templates/my_custom_dashboard/base.html``. In this template, redefine ``block css``. (Don't forget to include ``_stylesheets.html`` which includes all Horizon's default stylesheets.):: {% extends 'base.html' %} {% block css %} {% include "_stylesheets.html" %} {% load compress %} {% compress css %} {% endcompress %} {% endblock %} The custom stylesheets then reside in the dashboard's own ``static`` folder ``openstack_dashboard/dashboards/my_custom_dashboard/static/ my_custom_dashboard/scss/my_custom_dashboard.scss``. All dashboard's templates have to inherit from dashboard's base.html:: {% extends 'my_custom_dashboard/base.html' %} ... Custom Javascript ================= Similarly to adding custom styling (see above), it is possible to include custom javascript files. All Horizon's javascript files are listed in the ``openstack_dashboard/ templates/horizon/_scripts.html`` partial template, which is included in Horizon's base template in ``block js``. To add custom javascript files, create an ``_scripts.html`` partial template in your dashboard ``openstack_dashboard/dashboards/my_custom_dashboard/ templates/my_custom_dashboard/_scripts.html`` which extends ``horizon/_scripts.html``. In this template override the ``block custom_js_files`` including your custom javascript files:: {% extends 'horizon/_scripts.html' %} {% block custom_js_files %} {% endblock %} In your dashboard's own base template ``openstack_dashboard/dashboards/ my_custom_dashboard/templates/my_custom_dashboard/base.html`` override ``block js`` with inclusion of dashboard's own ``_scripts.html``:: {% block js %} {% include "my_custom_dashboard/_scripts.html" %} {% endblock %} The result is a single compressed js file consisting both Horizon and dashboard's custom scripts. Additionally, some marketing and analytics scripts require you to place them within the page's tag. To do this, place them within the ``horizon/_custom_head_js.html`` file. Similar to the ``_scripts.html`` file mentioned above, you may link to an existing file:: or you can paste your script directly in the file, being sure to use appropriate tags:: Customizing Meta Attributes =========================== To add custom metadata attributes to your project's base template, include them in the ``horizon/_custom_meta.html`` file. The contents of this file will be inserted into the page's just after the default Horizon meta tags. .. _Bootswatch: http://bootswatch.com .. _Bootswatchr: http://bootswatchr.com/create#! .. _Paintstrap: http://paintstrap.com .. _Bootstrap: http://getbootstrap.com/customize/ .. _Google's Material Design: https://www.google.com/design/spec/material-design/introduction.html .. _Font Awesome: https://fortawesome.github.io/Font-Awesome/