Membuat dan mengelola jaringan¶
Sebelum Anda menjalankan perintah, set environment variables using the OpenStack RC file.
Membuat jaringan:¶
Lihat daftar ekstensi dari sistem:
$ openstack extension list -c Alias -c Name --network +------------------------------------------+---------------------------+ | Name | Alias | +------------------------------------------+---------------------------+ | Default Subnetpools | default-subnetpools | | Network IP Availability | network-ip-availability | | Auto Allocated Topology Services | auto-allocated-topology | | Neutron L3 Configurable external gateway | ext-gw-mode | | Address scope | address-scope | | Neutron Extra Route | extraroute | +------------------------------------------+---------------------------+
Membuat jaringan:
$ openstack network create net1 Created a new network: +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | UP | | availability_zone_hints | | | availability_zones | | | created_at | 2016-12-21T08:32:54Z | | description | | | headers | | | id | 180620e3-9eae-4ba7-9739-c5847966e1f0 | | ipv4_address_scope | None | | ipv6_address_scope | None | | mtu | 1450 | | name | net1 | | port_security_enabled | True | | project_id | c961a8f6d3654657885226378ade8220 | | provider:network_type | vxlan | | provider:physical_network | None | | provider:segmentation_id | 14 | | revision_number | 3 | | router:external | Internal | | shared | False | | status | ACTIVE | | subnets | | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2016-12-21T08:32:54Z | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
Catatan
Beberapa bidang jaringan dibuat tidak terlihat oleh pengguna non-admin.
Membuat jaringan dengan ditentukan jenis jaringan penyedia.
$ openstack network create net2 --provider-network-type vxlan Created a new network: +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | UP | | availability_zone_hints | | | availability_zones | | | created_at | 2016-12-21T08:33:34Z | | description | | | headers | | | id | c0a563d5-ef7d-46b3-b30d-6b9d4138b6cf | | ipv4_address_scope | None | | ipv6_address_scope | None | | mtu | 1450 | | name | net2 | | port_security_enabled | True | | project_id | c961a8f6d3654657885226378ade8220 | | provider:network_type | vxlan | | provider:physical_network | None | | provider:segmentation_id | 87 | | revision_number | 3 | | router:external | Internal | | shared | False | | status | ACTIVE | | subnets | | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2016-12-21T08:33:34Z | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
Buat subnet¶
Buat subnet:
$ openstack subnet create subnet1 --network net1
--subnet-range 192.0.2.0/24
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| allocation_pools | 192.0.2.2-192.0.2.254 |
| cidr | 192.0.2.0/24 |
| created_at | 2016-12-22T18:47:52Z |
| description | |
| dns_nameservers | |
| enable_dhcp | True |
| gateway_ip | 192.0.2.1 |
| headers | |
| host_routes | |
| id | a394689c-f547-4834-9778-3e0bb22130dc |
| ip_version | 4 |
| ipv6_address_mode | None |
| ipv6_ra_mode | None |
| name | subnet1 |
| network_id | 180620e3-9eae-4ba7-9739-c5847966e1f0 |
| project_id | c961a8f6d3654657885226378ade8220 |
| revision_number | 2 |
| service_types | |
| subnetpool_id | None |
| updated_at | 2016-12-22T18:47:52Z |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
Perintah subnet-create memiliki parameter posisi dan opsional berikut:
Nama atau ID dari jaringan yang subnet kepemilikan (subnet belongs).
Dalam contoh ini,
net1adalah argumen posisi yang menentukan nama jaringan.CIDR dari subnet.
In this example,
192.0.2.0/24is a positional argument that specifies the CIDR.Nama subnet, yang opsional.
Dalam contoh ini,
--name subnet1menentukan nama subnet.
Untuk informasi dan contoh penggunaan subcommand subnet neutron yang lebih maju, lihat OpenStack Administrator Guide.
Buat router¶
Buat router:
$ openstack router create router1 +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | UP | | availability_zone_hints | | | availability_zones | | | created_at | 2016-12-22T18:48:57Z | | description | | | distributed | True | | external_gateway_info | null | | flavor_id | None | | ha | False | | headers | | | id | e25a24ee-3458-45c7-b16e-edf49092aab7 | | name | router1 | | project_id | e17431afc0524e0690484889a04b7fa0 | | revision_number | 1 | | routes | | | status | ACTIVE | | updated_at | 2016-12-22T18:48:57Z | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
Mencatat identifier router unik yang dikembalikan, ini akan diperlukan dalam langkah berikutnya.
Menghubungkan router ke jaringan penyedia eksternal:
$ openstack router set ROUTER --external-gateway NETWORK
Ganti ROUTER dengan identifier unik router, ganti NETWORK dengan identifier unik dari jaringan operator eksternal.
Menghubungkan router untuk subnet:
$ openstack router add subnet ROUTER SUBNETGanti ROUTER dengan identifier unik router, ganti SUBNET dengan identifier unik subnet.
Buat port¶
Membuat port dengan alamat IP tertentu:
$ openstack port create --network net1 --fixed-ip subnet=subnet1,ip-address=192.0.2.40 port1 +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | UP | | allowed_address_pairs | | | binding_host_id | | | binding_profile | | | binding_vif_details | | | binding_vif_type | unbound | | binding_vnic_type | normal | | created_at | 2016-12-22T18:54:43Z | | description | | | device_id | | | device_owner | | | extra_dhcp_opts | | | fixed_ips | ip_address='192.0.2.40', subnet_id='a | | | 394689c-f547-4834-9778-3e0bb22130dc' | | headers | | | id | 031ddba8-3e3f-4c3c-ae26-7776905eb24f | | mac_address | fa:16:3e:df:3d:c7 | | name | port1 | | network_id | 180620e3-9eae-4ba7-9739-c5847966e1f0 | | port_security_enabled | True | | project_id | c961a8f6d3654657885226378ade8220 | | revision_number | 5 | | security_groups | 84abb9eb-dc59-40c1-802c-4e173c345b6a | | status | DOWN | | updated_at | 2016-12-22T18:54:44Z | +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------+
In the previous command,
net1is the network name, which is a positional argument.--fixed-ip subnet<subnet>,ip-address=192.0.2.40is an option which specifies the port's fixed IP address we wanted.Catatan
Ketika membuat sebuah port, Anda dapat menentukan IP yang tidak terisi di subnet bahkan jika alamat tidak ada di kolam yang telah ditentukan (pre-defined pool) dari alamat IP dialokasikan (ditetapkan oleh penyedia cloud Anda).
Membuat port tanpa alamat IP tertentu:
$ openstack port create port2 --network net1 +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | UP | | allowed_address_pairs | | | binding_host_id | | | binding_profile | | | binding_vif_details | | | binding_vif_type | unbound | | binding_vnic_type | normal | | created_at | 2016-12-22T18:56:06Z | | description | | | device_id | | | device_owner | | | extra_dhcp_opts | | | fixed_ips | ip_address='192.0.2.10', subnet_id='a | | | 394689c-f547-4834-9778-3e0bb22130dc' | | headers | | | id | eac47fcd-07ac-42dd-9993-5b36ac1f201b | | mac_address | fa:16:3e:96:ae:6e | | name | port2 | | network_id | 180620e3-9eae-4ba7-9739-c5847966e1f0 | | port_security_enabled | True | | project_id | c961a8f6d3654657885226378ade8220 | | revision_number | 5 | | security_groups | 84abb9eb-dc59-40c1-802c-4e173c345b6a | | status | DOWN | | updated_at | 2016-12-22T18:56:06Z | +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------+
Catatan
Perhatikan bahwa sistem akan mengalokasikan satu alamat IP jika Anda tidak menentukan alamat IP di perintah openstack port create.
Catatan
Anda dapat menentukan alamat MAC dengan
--mac-address MAC_ADDRESS. Jika Anda menentukan alamat MAC yang tidak valid, termasuk00:00:00:00:00:00atauff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, Anda akan mendapatkan error.Query port dengan alamat IP tetap tertentu:
$ neutron port-list --fixed-ips ip_address=192.0.2.2 \ ip_address=192.0.2.40 +----------------+------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | id | name | mac_address | fixed_ips | +----------------+------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | baf13412-26... | | fa:16:3e:f6:ec:c7 | {"subnet_id"... ..."ip_address": "192.0.2.2"} | | f7a08fe4-e7... | | fa:16:3e:97:e0:fc | {"subnet_id"... ..."ip_address": "192.0.2.40"} | +----------------+------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
Except where otherwise noted, this document is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. See all OpenStack Legal Documents.