创建和管理网路¶
Before you run commands, set environment variables using the OpenStack RC file.
创建网络¶
列出系统的扩展分区
$ openstack extension list -c Alias -c Name --network +------------------------------------------+---------------------------+ | Name | Alias | +------------------------------------------+---------------------------+ | Default Subnetpools | default-subnetpools | | Network IP Availability | network-ip-availability | | Auto Allocated Topology Services | auto-allocated-topology | | Neutron L3 Configurable external gateway | ext-gw-mode | | Address scope | address-scope | | Neutron Extra Route | extraroute | +------------------------------------------+---------------------------+
创建网络
$ openstack network create net1 Created a new network: +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | UP | | availability_zone_hints | | | availability_zones | | | created_at | 2016-12-21T08:32:54Z | | description | | | headers | | | id | 180620e3-9eae-4ba7-9739-c5847966e1f0 | | ipv4_address_scope | None | | ipv6_address_scope | None | | mtu | 1450 | | name | net1 | | port_security_enabled | True | | project_id | c961a8f6d3654657885226378ade8220 | | provider:network_type | vxlan | | provider:physical_network | None | | provider:segmentation_id | 14 | | revision_number | 3 | | router:external | Internal | | shared | False | | status | ACTIVE | | subnets | | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2016-12-21T08:32:54Z | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
注解
创建的网络的某些属性对于非管理员用户来说是不可见的
创建一个指定的provider类型的网络
$ openstack network create net2 --provider-network-type vxlan Created a new network: +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | UP | | availability_zone_hints | | | availability_zones | | | created_at | 2016-12-21T08:33:34Z | | description | | | headers | | | id | c0a563d5-ef7d-46b3-b30d-6b9d4138b6cf | | ipv4_address_scope | None | | ipv6_address_scope | None | | mtu | 1450 | | name | net2 | | port_security_enabled | True | | project_id | c961a8f6d3654657885226378ade8220 | | provider:network_type | vxlan | | provider:physical_network | None | | provider:segmentation_id | 87 | | revision_number | 3 | | router:external | Internal | | shared | False | | status | ACTIVE | | subnets | | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2016-12-21T08:33:34Z | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
创建子网¶
创建一个子网
$ openstack subnet create subnet1 --network net1
--subnet-range 192.0.2.0/24
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| allocation_pools | 192.0.2.2-192.0.2.254 |
| cidr | 192.0.2.0/24 |
| created_at | 2016-12-22T18:47:52Z |
| description | |
| dns_nameservers | |
| enable_dhcp | True |
| gateway_ip | 192.0.2.1 |
| headers | |
| host_routes | |
| id | a394689c-f547-4834-9778-3e0bb22130dc |
| ip_version | 4 |
| ipv6_address_mode | None |
| ipv6_ra_mode | None |
| name | subnet1 |
| network_id | 180620e3-9eae-4ba7-9739-c5847966e1f0 |
| project_id | c961a8f6d3654657885226378ade8220 |
| revision_number | 2 |
| service_types | |
| subnetpool_id | None |
| updated_at | 2016-12-22T18:47:52Z |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
``subnet-create``命令有以下必须和可选的参数
网络子网的名称或标识编码
这个示例中，“net1”是指定网络名称的一个位置参数
子网的CIDR
In this example,
192.0.2.0/24is a positional argument that specifies the CIDR.子网名称是可选项
在此示例中，“–name subnet1” 用于指定子网名称
For information and examples on more advanced use of neutron’s
subnet subcommand, see the OpenStack Administrator
Guide.
创建路由器¶
创建一个路由器
$ openstack router create router1 +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | UP | | availability_zone_hints | | | availability_zones | | | created_at | 2016-12-22T18:48:57Z | | description | | | distributed | True | | external_gateway_info | null | | flavor_id | None | | ha | False | | headers | | | id | e25a24ee-3458-45c7-b16e-edf49092aab7 | | name | router1 | | project_id | e17431afc0524e0690484889a04b7fa0 | | revision_number | 1 | | routes | | | status | ACTIVE | | updated_at | 2016-12-22T18:48:57Z | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
注意唯一返回的路由器标识符将会在后续的步骤中使用到。
将路由器连接到外部的提供商网络
$ openstack router set ROUTER --external-gateway NETWORK
用路由器的唯一标识符替换ROUTER，用外部供应商网络的唯一标识符替换NETWORK 。
将路由器连接到子网：
$ openstack router add subnet ROUTER SUBNET用路由器的唯一标识符替换ROUTER ，用子网的唯一标识符替换SUBNET 。
创建端口¶
创建指定IP地址的端口：
$ openstack port create --network net1 --fixed-ip subnet=subnet1,ip-address=192.0.2.40 port1 +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | UP | | allowed_address_pairs | | | binding_host_id | | | binding_profile | | | binding_vif_details | | | binding_vif_type | unbound | | binding_vnic_type | normal | | created_at | 2016-12-22T18:54:43Z | | description | | | device_id | | | device_owner | | | extra_dhcp_opts | | | fixed_ips | ip_address='192.0.2.40', subnet_id='a | | | 394689c-f547-4834-9778-3e0bb22130dc' | | headers | | | id | 031ddba8-3e3f-4c3c-ae26-7776905eb24f | | mac_address | fa:16:3e:df:3d:c7 | | name | port1 | | network_id | 180620e3-9eae-4ba7-9739-c5847966e1f0 | | port_security_enabled | True | | project_id | c961a8f6d3654657885226378ade8220 | | revision_number | 5 | | security_groups | 84abb9eb-dc59-40c1-802c-4e173c345b6a | | status | DOWN | | updated_at | 2016-12-22T18:54:44Z | +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------+
In the previous command,
net1is the network name, which is a positional argument.--fixed-ip subnet<subnet>,ip-address=192.0.2.40is an option which specifies the port’s fixed IP address we wanted.注解
当你创建一个端口，你可以指定子网中任何未分配的IP地址，尽管这个地址不再预定义的IP地址池里（由云提供商设定）
在不指定IP地址的情况下创建一个端口
$ openstack port create port2 --network net1 +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | UP | | allowed_address_pairs | | | binding_host_id | | | binding_profile | | | binding_vif_details | | | binding_vif_type | unbound | | binding_vnic_type | normal | | created_at | 2016-12-22T18:56:06Z | | description | | | device_id | | | device_owner | | | extra_dhcp_opts | | | fixed_ips | ip_address='192.0.2.10', subnet_id='a | | | 394689c-f547-4834-9778-3e0bb22130dc' | | headers | | | id | eac47fcd-07ac-42dd-9993-5b36ac1f201b | | mac_address | fa:16:3e:96:ae:6e | | name | port2 | | network_id | 180620e3-9eae-4ba7-9739-c5847966e1f0 | | port_security_enabled | True | | project_id | c961a8f6d3654657885226378ade8220 | | revision_number | 5 | | security_groups | 84abb9eb-dc59-40c1-802c-4e173c345b6a | | status | DOWN | | updated_at | 2016-12-22T18:56:06Z | +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------+
注解
Note that the system allocates one IP address if you do not specify an IP address in the openstack port create command.
注解
You can specify a MAC address with
--mac-address MAC_ADDRESS. If you specify an invalid MAC address, including00:00:00:00:00:00orff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, you will get an error.具有指定的固定IP地址的查询端口：
$ neutron port-list --fixed-ips ip_address=192.0.2.2 \ ip_address=192.0.2.40 +----------------+------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | id | name | mac_address | fixed_ips | +----------------+------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | baf13412-26... | | fa:16:3e:f6:ec:c7 | {"subnet_id"... ..."ip_address": "192.0.2.2"} | | f7a08fe4-e7... | | fa:16:3e:97:e0:fc | {"subnet_id"... ..."ip_address": "192.0.2.40"} | +----------------+------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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